What is pneumonia?Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lungs primarily affecting the alveoli which may fill with fluid and pus. What is consolidation?It is a bacterial pneumonia feature. What are the three key signs of bacterial pneumonia?Expectoration of yellow sputum, increased white blood cell count, and the presence of fever. He had no sick … Continue reading Pneumonia Medical content is updated daily to ensure you've got the most relevant knowledge to pass your exam and meet continuing education requirements. This affects normal oxygen transport. 5. 3. Since you are here, this quiz will let you know how much you are prepared for the NCLEX exam. Egan’s Fundamentals of Respiratory Care. The patient’s PFT results would likely reveal decreased lung volumes and capacities. Please consult with your physician with any questions that you may have regarding a medical condition. The lung’s air sacs get filled with pus, causing chills, fever, and breathing problems. What causes “walking pneumonia” and who typically gets it?It is caused by atypical organisms like mycoplasma pneumonia (no rigid wall) and chlamydophilia pneumoniae (obligate intracellular parasite). Included topics in this practice quiz are: 1. “Causes of Pneumonia | CDC.” Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 9 Mar. 1. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. 4. Rust-colored sputum suggests association with infection by S. pneumoniae while currant-jelly sputum is associated with infection by Klebsiella species. In the United States, CAP is estimated to occur in 248 of 10,000 adults. This book (in paperback format) had sample TMC Practice Questions on pathology and diseases. Spell. Diseases of the Respiratory System 2. There are several causes of pneumonia including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Pneumonia : More than 3 million cases of pneumonia occur annually in the United States. 51. A 50 year old male presents with productive cough, fever, and chills. World Health Organization: WHO. Medical Microbiology and Virology Sample Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) and Extended Matching Questions (EMQs) Medical Microbiology and Virology Sample Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) and Extended Matching Questions (EMQs) Microbiology; Virology; Paper (sample) Medical Microbiology and Virology Sample Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) and Extended Matching Questions (EMQs) Also of … 18. The following are the sources that were used while doing research for this article: Disclosure: The links to the textbooks are affiliate links which means, at no additional cost to you, we will earn a commission if you click through and make a purchase. What factors impair pulmonary clearance of pneumonia?Viral upper respiratory tract infection, smoking, alcohol, uremia (raised levels of urea and other nitrogenous waste compounds in the blood), and bronchial obstruction. 54. What are some ways for therapeutic management of pneumonia?Antibiotics, analgesic, antipyretic, oxygen, maintaining the airway and assessing respiratory status, encourage activity, cough and deep breathing exercise, proper hand hygiene, encourage 3L/day of fluids and high Fowler’s position. What pattern of pneumonia will have entire lobe consolidation and is commonly caused by Klebsiella?Lobar. 1. Sample Exam Questions: Pediatrics Written Exam . Explain the pathogenesis of pneumococcal pneumonia? This study guide (for Respiratory Therapy Students) covers the basics for the TMC Exam and CSE. List the various host factors, or conditions which predispose a patient to developing pneumonia. Pneumonia develops when the lower respiratory system is infected with bacteria, virus, or fungus. “Pneumonia Pathology – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf.” National Center for Biotechnology Information, 29 May 2020. While atypical is caused by legionella, mycoplasma, chlamydia species and pneumocytis jiroveci (associated with HIV diagnosis). Gravity. 70. 2016 Feb. 137 … ; An inflammatory reaction may occur in the alveoli, producing exudates that interfere with the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide. The flu is a common cause of pneumonia, so preventing the flu is a good way to prevent pneumonia. HAP is when it’s acquired during a hospital stay. What are the types of pneumonia?Community-acquired pneumonia, hospital-acquired pneumonia, aspiration pneumonia and opportunistic pneumonia. Pneumonia is an infection that causes inflammation in the lungs and results in fluid build-up, fever, cough, and difficulty breathing. This study guide (for Respiratory Therapy Students) covers the basics for the TMC Exam and CSE. [. These are just the most common examples. pneumonia. Pneumococcal pneumonia vaccine is recommended for all children under the age of 5 and for adults with specific risk factors. ... to the bronchiectasis question, or malnutrition [as reflected by a serum albumin below 3], 6. What are the different categories of pneumonia?Acute vs chronic (time), typical vs atypical (clinical characteristics), alveolar vs interstitial (x-ray pattern) and community-acquired vs nosocomial (location of illness onset). What are the four most common symptoms of pneumonia?Productive cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, fevers and chills. What are the most common forms of pneumonia in neonates (0-1 month)?Group B Strep and HSV. 2006 Dec. 12(6):372-9. . This is not medical advice. Respiratory diseases are rampant today because it is easier spread in crowded areas. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. https://www.medindia.net/medical-quiz/quiz-on-pneumonia.asp 59. Check out this example from Kaplan Medical, and read an expert explanation of the answer. He had no sick … Continue reading Pneumonia We are an online company specializing in nursing assignments and tutoring services for all nursing students. 55. 44. fernando_battaglia. 66. Blood tests are used to confirm an infection and to try to identify the type of organism causing the infection. What kind of therapy must be started?Empiric antibiotic therapy needs to be started as soon as possible. What are indications for ITU admission with pneumonia? Key Concepts: Terms in this set (17) What nursing assesments would be completed on a patient with pneumonia? His complaints started approximately three days earlier and progressively worsened. What type of pneumonia is more common in children and young adults?Viral pneumonia. What are the mechanical barriers from a bacterial infection?Mechanical barriers include air filtration, epiglottis, cough reflex, and mucociliary response; reflex bronchoconstriction; and, secretion of immunoglobulins A and G and alveolar macrophages. The signs and symptoms of pneumonia can vary in severity from person to person. Pneumonia Vaccines Market Size- KBV Research - The Global Pneumonia Vaccines Market size is expected to reach $9.6 billion by 2025, rising at a market growth of 5.1% CAGR during the forecast period. What are the clinical manifestations of patients with severe pneumonia?Chest pain, tachycardia, hemoptysis, cyanosis, hypoxia symptoms, tachypnea, and dyspnea. 49. Log in Sign up. What chest x-ray finding is usually associated with empyema (pus in the lung)?Parapneumonic effusion. What are some of the non-infectious etiologies of pneumonia?Carcinomas, lymphomas, vasculitis, sarcoidosis, heart failure and pulmonary embolism. A Case Study: Pneumonia. 25. 10. 69. 60. Antifungal medicines for fungal pneumonia. “Pneumonia.” World Health Organization, 2 Aug. 2019. Case Presentation A 74-year-old male with a history of hypertension and diabetes presented to the emergency department with a cough productive of rust-colored sputum. Pneumonia arises from normal flora present in patients whose resistance has been altered or from aspiration of flora present in the oropharynx. It is usually a mild disease; however, it can also become very dangerous. Breathe easy my friend! What are the symptoms of pneumonia?High fever and chills, headache, loss of appetite, mood swings, cough with sputum, shortness of breath, joint pain, fatigue, and aches. These medicines may not be effective against some viruses that cause pneumonia. However, causes of pneumonia such as bacteria or viruses can be contagious. What causes CAP?Most commonly caused by bacteria that traditionally has been divided into 2 groups (typical and atypical). This podcast gives medical students an approach to the history and physical examination in chronic abdominal pain and discusses the role of investigations. What is the most common pathogen found on a young, healthy adult contracting pneumonia?Mycoplasma. https://www.oxfordmedicaleducation.com/respiratory/pneumonia-questions Gravity. Log in Sign up. As a Respiratory Therapist or medical professional, it’s a condition that you must be aware of. 62. It’s caused by a variety of organisms, such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi. A large study of patients hospitalized for pneumonia suggests that a treatment strategy designed to account for patients with antibiotic-resistant infections should be reconsidered. 33. Over-the-counter medicines. Pneumonia (MS4) - Kimberly N. Otsuka, MD 30. 2020. What are some common physical examination findings on someone with pneumonia?Crackles or rhonchi or wheezes, tachypnea and dullness to percussion. Write. What is aspiration pneumonia?It is an abnormal entry of secretion of substances. Start studying Pneumonia NCLEX Questions. Match. What are the various risk factors?Pneumonia is caused by a weakening of processes such as loss of consciousness (intubation), air pollution, and tobacco use, older than 65 > 70, abdominal/thoracic surgery, bedrest/immobility, chronic disease/illness, ventilators, alcohol use, immunosuppressed and institutionalization. What are common practices that patients with pneumonia should learn?They need to learn hand hygiene, cough etiquette, balanced diet, adequate rest and to stop smoking. Sputum is identified if rust-colored sputum or currant-jelly. Medical Sciences Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for professionals in medical and allied health fields, students of those professions, related academics, and others with a sound understanding of medicine and healthcare-related sciences. Pneumonia . STUDY. 63. 16. 64. See the table below for information. 15. Also check out all 22. The Respiratory System is responsible for taking oxygen in and expelling carbon dioxide out. Age: ≥ 65. 37. Jul 18, 2019 - Looking for Pneumonia Practice Questions? Student perception of the significance and practicality of … The patient reported difficulty in breathing, shaking chills, and fever up to 39ºC. Pneumonia https://bit.ly/2LXMg7b Study Guide and Practice Questions ️ For chills, a single chill suggests S. pneumoniae while multiple chills suggest S. aureus or K. pneumoniae. Copyright 2013-2019 Oxford Medical Education Ltd. Myasthenia Gravis (MG) – Neurological Examination, Questions about DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis), Endotracheal tube (ETT) insertion (intubation), Supraglottic airway (e.g. 12th ed., Mosby, 2020. In the previous NCLEX review series, I explained about other respiratory disorders so be sure to check those reviews out. Those most at risk of severe infection from pneumonia include smokers, people with heart or lung disease, infants and young children, adults age 65 and older, and people with chronic medical conditions or weakened immune systems. 12. Feedback on answers Case of the Week: A potpourri of fill-in-the-blank questions in quizzes with gross, microscopic, and radiologic images. Here are some of the most common examples: Keep in mind that other signs and symptoms for pneumonia exist. It affects young healthy adults and can present with dry and hacking cough. Pneumonia Questions. Pneumonia prevents alveoli in the lungs from working properly. Created by. What term applies to the filling of alveolar spaces as a result of pneumonia?Effusion. This study is designed to provide data on the effectiveness of early antifungal treatment (Fluconazole, 400 mg/day) for coccidioidomycosis pneumonia (also referred to as Valley Fever (VF) Pneumonia or acute onset valley fever) vs. placebo in subjects with coccidioidomycosis pneumonia. Pneumonia, which then recurs on a different place. Grab yours today. Pneumonia 3. What is opportunistic pneumonia?It is a type of pneumonia commonly seen in immunocompromised individuals, such as HIV, those receiving radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and long-term corticosteroid therapy. 65. Anytime, Anywhere. 14. What is a bronchogram on chest x-ray?Air filled bronchi made visible by opacification of surrounding alveoli and peribronchial cuffing/thickening. What is the assessment of viral pneumonia?Low-grade fever, non-productive cough, WBC normal to low elevation, less severe than bacterial. What are the typical treatment options for pneumonia?Antibiotics, IVF and PO hydration, supplemental O2, analgesics, antipyretics, nutrition-frequent small meals and balance rest with activity. 38. The most common bacterias that can cause pneumonia include Streptococcus pneumonia, Mycoplasma pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae, and Legionella pneumophila. What are the various complications of pneumonia?Atelectasis, pleurisy, bacteremia, meningitis, acute respiratory failure, sepsis/septic shock, empyema/lung abscess. Pediatrics. Incidence is 1-3 per 1000 (i.e.. 0.1-03% of people have pneumonia at any one time) 8. It can usually be seen in bronchograms too. https://www.respiratorytherapyzone.com/pneumonia-practice-questions Pneumonia is a type of lung infection that affects millions of people each and every year. Created by. Pneumonia vaccination every 5-10 years and encourage yearly vaccine. In this study guide, we’re going to provide you with an overview of pneumonia to help make the learning process easier. However, preci… J Infect Chemother. Pneumonia is often classified according to how the patient acquired the disease. Blood Pressure: Systolic ≤ 90 and/or diastolic ≤60. 57. mary_g_mcdaniel. The patient’s breath sounds will likely reveal crackles (rales) or rhonchi and a dull note may be heard during chest percussion. Should not be used as a substitute for clinical judgement – can sometimes over/under-estimate severity. Management at the hospital. What type of pneumonia is considered community-acquired (CAP)?Pneumonia that develops outside of the hospital setting. Thanks for reading and I will see you in the next post. 47. Related terms: Bronchopneumonia, Community-acquired pneumonia, Acute Pneumonia. A sputum culture identifies the organism. Write. What is the most commonly found bacterial cause of pneumonia?Streptococcus pneumonia. Is it common for children to have repeat episodes of pneumonia? Pneumonia can be generally defined as an infection of the lung parenchyma, in which consolidation of the affected part and a filling of the alveolar air spaces with exudate, inflammatory cells, and fibrin is characteristic. Lastly, Aspiration Pneumonia is acquired when a patient aspirates bacteria into the lungs. What physio event triggers the clinical syndrome of pneumonia?The host’s immune response leads to the inflammatory mediators which create alveolar capillary leak. 36. What is a typical work-up of suspected pneumonia?Good medical history and physical examination, laboratory, PA and lateral chest x-ray, microbial studies – culture and gram stain and blood cultures in a hospitalized patient with sepsis. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you read in this article. ; White blood cells also migrate into the alveoli and fill the normally air-filled spaces. Spell. What is the difference between typical and atypical pneumonia?Typical pneumonia has an abrupt onset characterized by a productive cough with purulent sputum, pleuritic chest pain, impressive physical findings, leukocytosis with left shift or leukopenia, abdominal pain and a high fever. [, Rrt, Des Terry Jardins MEd, and Burton George Md Facp Fccp Faarc. PDF | On Sep 1, 2013, Raid M. Al-Ani published MCQs in Otolaryngology for Students | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate Find your activity and get started for free. 27. 2. What chest x-ray finding would indicate that the pneumonia will be difficult to treat and is life threatening?Lung abscess (pus in the lung). 34. 5. Get vaccinated against pneumococcal pneumonia, the most common form of bacterial pneumonia, if you are at high risk of getting this type of pneumonia. Some common fungi that can cause pneumonia are Pneumocystis jirovecii, Cryptococcus species, and Histoplasmosis species. Test. Patient Background: RP is a 68 year-old male who was admitted to the hospital from his long-term care facility after 1 week of dyspnea and cough. The intent here is to use multiple-choice questions (MCQ) as a means to help the reader revise some key facts, test Oct 22, 2018 - Looking for Pneumonia Practice Questions? The infection causes inflammation and congestion of the alevolar sacs which causes hypoxemia. Talk to your doctor before taking cough or cold medicine. Common viruses that can cause pneumonia include influenza (flu), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and rhinoviruses (common cold). 52. His complaints started approximately three days earlier and progressively worsened. 68. I hope this information was helpful for you and if you use this knowledge wisely, I know it will be. Create. Pneumonia can be generally defined as an infection of the lung parenchyma, in which consolidation of the affected part and a filling of the alveolar air spaces with exudate, inflammatory cells, and fibrin is characteristic. Are there other questions on review of systems that might be helpful in this patient? Pneumonia should be treated on a case by case basis but, in general, here are the common treatment methods: Again, each patient will be treated differently depending on the cause and severity of symptoms. Studying for. The patient reported difficulty in breathing, shaking chills, and fever up to 39ºC. Technically, pneumonia refers to inflammation of the lungs which in itself is not contagious. You can now get access to our Cheat Sheet Database for FREE — no strings attached. What is the one-year mortality rate of someone with pneumonia >65 years old?40%. Pneumonia is a leading infectious cause of hospitalization and death among adults in the United States, 1,2 with medical costs exceeding $10 billion in 2011. And what are the pathological reasons for these assesments? Pediatric Pneumonia Questions & Answers. 23. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. by Mary J. O. This study guide (for Respiratory Therapy Students) covers the basics for the TMC Exam and CSE. by Mary J. O. Worldwide, pneumonia is the leading cause of death in children aged < 5 years. What type of pneumonia is frequently undiagnosed?Nonbacterial Pneumonia. The best part is, it’s all listed out for you right here at your finger tips in this study guide. 11. Sign up to join this community. We’ve also included some pneumonia practice questions as well for your benefit. Pneumonia : More than 3 million cases of pneumonia occur annually in the United States. The medical field is very competitive, and if you plan to stay on the top of the line, you need to be a cut above the rest. A CBC would show the white blood cell count in order to help determine if the infection is viral or bacterial in nature. Pneumonia is a respiratory infection characterized by inflammation of the alveolar space and/or the interstitial tissue of the lungs.In industrialized nations, it is the leading infectious cause of death. We found that the majority of children tested positive for S. pneumoniae presence (44 of 50, 88%), with the majority of carriers (23 of 44, 52%) positive for the presence of more than one of the 20 serotypes of S. pneumoniae identified in this study, despite our stringent protocol … What are the diagnostics for pneumonia?Chest x-ray, sputum culture, sputum gram stain (priority), blood cultures, WBCs, and ABGs. Examiners had no patient history other than knowing the patients had lower respiratory tract symptoms compatible with pneumonia; they also had no knowledge of the patients' vital signs but could feel their skin temperature and observe how ill they appeared. Defined as an infection of the lung, pneumonia can be bacterial, viral, of fungal in origin. So there you have it. 9. PLAY. His respiratory rate is 32. What will the ABG usually show for a patient with pneumonia?Hypoxemia with acidosis. A sputum culture would reveal which type of bacteria is causing the infection. laryngeal mask airway [LMA], i-Gel), Other complications: pericarditis, myocarditis, erythema multiforme, D&V, meningoencephalitis, IgG and IgM titres in urine, blood or sputum, High IgE and abs to aspergillus (skin prick positive), Biopsy: stains with H&E (unusual for a  fungi), Treatment – Antifungals. A shift toward personalized medicine in pneumonia management would involve refining the diagnostic categories to include viral pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia, and noninfectious respiratory disease. Pneumonitis is a more general term that describes the inflammatory process in the lung tissue that may … 40. 41. If you’re preparing for the United States Medical Licensing Examination® (USMLE®) Step 2 exam, you might want to know which questions are most often missed by test-prep takers. 7. Treatment is based on what kind of germ is causing the infection and how severe your symptoms are. View our full pneumonia nursing care plan. Pneumonia is most commonly transmitted via aspiration of airborne pathogens (primarily bacteria, but also viruses and fungi) but may also result from the aspiration of … 'Red Flag' findings on history and physical exam are stressed. Pneumonia and sepsis can easily be discussed together due to the fact that pneumonia is a common cause of sepsis. Your health care team may have given you this information as part of your care. What are some of the fungi that can cause pneumonia?Cryptococcus, histoplasma, coccidioides, aspergillus and mucor. This type responds to macrolides and quinolones. Case Presentation A 74-year-old male with a history of hypertension and diabetes presented to the emergency department with a cough productive of rust-colored sputum. What pattern of pneumonia is caused by viruses?Interstitial that is characterized by a ground glass appearance. While atypical has a gradual onset that presents nonproductive/dry cough, sub-sternal chest pain, unimpressive physical exam, WBC count normal (no left shift), and nonspecific symptoms (headaches, malaise, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, interstitial or patchy infiltrate).